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Catahoula Leopard Dog
Herding breed from Louisiana, United States
Breed overview
Reviewed · Database recordAbout the Catahoula Leopard Dog
The Catahoula Leopard Dog is a medium-to-large, athletic breed known for its distinctive spotted or merle coat patterns and striking heterochromatic (glass) eyes. It is categorized as a herding breed and originates from Louisiana, United States. This versatile working dog combines intelligence with independence, and its temperament is described as independent, intelligent, loyal, protective, energetic, and work-focused. Individual dogs may vary in behavior, and the breed's recognition status varies by registry.
Quick facts
Catahoula Leopard Dog at a glance
Sizelarge
Breed groupHerding
OriginLouisiana, United States
Lifespan10–14 years
Male weight29–41 kilogram
Female weight29–41 kilogram
Male height56–66 centimetre
Female height56–66 centimetre
Origin and history
Where the breed comes from
The Catahoula Leopard Dog was developed in Northern Louisiana from Native American dogs crossed with Spanish and French settlers' dogs. It was used for hunting feral hogs and herding cattle. The breed is named after Catahoula Parish and has been designated as the official state dog of Louisiana. The exact timeline of its development is not precisely documented, but it reflects a blend of indigenous and European canine lineages.
Physical characteristics
Structured dataSize, build and coat
Female
29–41 kilogramAdult weight56–66 centimetreAdult heightCoat typesPendingCoat colorsSpotted, MerleRecognitionvaries by registryData methodai assisted draft
Temperament
Typical breed tendencies
Independentintelligentloyalprotectiveenergeticwork-focused
Breed tendencies are general guidance. Individual behavior depends on genetics, socialization, training, health and environment.
Exercise, training and maintenance
1–5 methodologyDaily care profile
Higher daily exercise demand
Moderate compared with other breeds
Lower coat-maintenance demand
Moderate compared with other breeds
Family suitability
Home and household fit
Supervise every dog–child interaction.
Introductions and socialization still matter.
Exercise, enrichment and noise tolerance affect fit.
Climate suitability
Modelled tendency · low confidence
Modelled tendency · low confidence
Modelled tendency · low confidence
A general morphology-based tendency. Individual dogs still require shade, shelter, water, acclimation and weather-appropriate activity. Method: climate-morphology-v1.
Health overview
Veterinary sources requiredHealth considerations
No Catahoula Leopard Dog-specific screening programme or peer-reviewed disorder-prevalence study is currently attached to this profile. This is not evidence that the breed has no health risks. Owners should use routine preventive veterinary care and discuss screening appropriate to the individual dog's history, examination and family line.
Veterinary disclaimer: This profile is educational and does not replace examination, diagnosis or treatment by a veterinarian.
Feeding overview
Nutrition and feeding
Research in progress
Reviewed feeding guidance will appear after an approved source is imported and editorially reviewed.
Decision support
Potential advantages and challenges
Potential advantages
- Commonly described as loyal.Supported by temperaments.loyal: true
Potential challenges
- Higher daily exercise and enrichment needs may not suit every household.Supported by energyScore: 5
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Growth chart
Catahoula Leopard Dog puppy growth
Modeled estimates
Open interactive chart From puppy weight to adult size
Compare male and female growth, check weight by age and estimate mature size.
Adult male weight29–41 kilogramAdult female weight29–41 kilogramGrowth modeladult-range-size-model-v1
Preview only. Open the complete chart to adjust age, current weight and measurement units.
Frequently asked questions
Common questions
What is the size and lifespan of a Catahoula Leopard Dog?
Based on modelled estimates, adult males and females typically weigh between 29 and 41 kg and stand 56 to 66 cm tall at the shoulder. The estimated lifespan is 10 to 14 years. These figures are estimates and may vary among individual dogs.
What is the temperament of a Catahoula Leopard Dog?
The breed is described as independent, intelligent, loyal, protective, energetic, and work-focused. However, individual temperaments can vary, and not every dog will display all these traits equally.
How much exercise does a Catahoula Leopard Dog need?
With an energy score of 5 out of 5, this breed is highly energetic and requires substantial daily exercise. It is best suited for active owners who can provide ample physical and mental stimulation.
What are the grooming requirements for a Catahoula Leopard Dog?
Grooming needs are low, with a score of 2 out of 5. The breed sheds moderately (shedding score 3 out of 5). Regular brushing can help manage shedding.
Is a Catahoula Leopard Dog good for families with children or other dogs?
Child suitability is rated 3 out of 5, and dog compatibility is also 3 out of 5, indicating moderate suitability. Individual dogs may vary, so proper socialization and supervision are recommended.
Can a Catahoula Leopard Dog live in an apartment?
Apartment suitability is low, with a score of 2 out of 5. This breed is better suited to homes with a yard or access to open spaces due to its high energy and working heritage.
Where does the Catahoula Leopard Dog originate from?
The breed originates from Louisiana, United States. It was developed in Northern Louisiana from Native American dogs crossed with Spanish and French settlers' dogs, used for hunting feral hogs and herding cattle.
Data transparency
✓ Published · VerifiedSources and review status
APIThe Dog API ↗The Dog API Terms of Service (effective 2023-07-01)
VETERINARY SOURCEWSAVA Global Nutrition Guidelines and Toolkit ↗Copyright; factual citation and original summary only
Image source: The Dog API. Last reviewed 7/20/2026.