
Sporting breed from Russia
The Russian Spaniel is a medium-sized sporting dog with a long, silky coat and feathered ears. It is known for being energetic, friendly, intelligent, devoted, and loyal. This breed is the only gundog developed in Russia, created as a versatile flushing spaniel for hunting game birds. Its recognition status varies by registry, and it belongs to the Sporting group. The breed's size, lifespan, and other traits are based on modelled estimates, so individual dogs may vary.
The Russian Spaniel was developed in the Soviet Union after World War II, according to historical accounts. Breeders crossed English Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels, and other European spaniels to create a versatile gundog suited to Russia's vast and varied terrain. The first official breed standard was established in 1951. This breed is the only gundog developed in Russia, and it was designed for hunting game birds in Russian terrain. However, the exact details of its early development are not fully documented, and some information may be uncertain.
Breed tendencies are general guidance. Individual behavior depends on genetics, socialization, training, health and environment.
Higher daily exercise demand
Typically responsive to training
Moderate compared with other breeds
Moderate compared with other breeds
Supervise every dog–child interaction.
Introductions and socialization still matter.
Exercise, enrichment and noise tolerance affect fit.
Modelled tendency · medium confidence
Modelled tendency · medium confidence
Modelled tendency · medium confidence
A general morphology-based tendency. Individual dogs still require shade, shelter, water, acclimation and weather-appropriate activity. Method: climate-morphology-v1.
No Russian Spaniel-specific screening programme or peer-reviewed disorder-prevalence study is currently attached to this profile. This is not evidence that the breed has no health risks. Owners should use routine preventive veterinary care and discuss screening appropriate to the individual dog's history, examination and family line.
Reviewed feeding guidance will appear after an approved source is imported and editorially reviewed.
Compare male and female growth, check weight by age and estimate mature size.
Preview only. Open the complete chart to adjust age, current weight and measurement units.
Based on modelled estimates, adult Russian Spaniels typically weigh between 13 and 16 kg and stand 38 to 43 cm tall at the shoulder. Their estimated lifespan is 12 to 14 years. These figures are estimates, so individual dogs may differ.
The breed is described as energetic, friendly, intelligent, devoted, and loyal. However, temperament can vary among individual dogs, and not every dog will display all these traits consistently.
With an energy score of 4 out of 5, the Russian Spaniel is a high-energy breed that likely requires regular, vigorous exercise. As a sporting dog developed for hunting, it probably benefits from activities like running, fetching, or field work.
The breed has a long coat and a grooming score of 3 out of 5, indicating moderate grooming needs. Regular brushing is likely necessary to prevent mats and tangles, and occasional bathing may be required.
The breed has a child suitability score of 4 and a dog compatibility score of 4 out of 5, suggesting it generally gets along well with children and other dogs. However, individual temperaments vary, so proper socialization and supervision are always recommended.
With an apartment suitability score of 3 out of 5, the Russian Spaniel may adapt to apartment living if given sufficient exercise, but its high energy level makes a home with a yard more ideal.
The Russian Spaniel originates from Russia. It was developed in the Soviet Union after World War II by crossing English Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels, and other European spaniels, according to historical sources.
Image source: The Dog API. Last reviewed 7/20/2026.