Karakachan

The Karakachan is a giant-sized, double-coated working breed from Bulgaria. It is known for its independent, protective, loyal, alert, courageous, and intelligent temperament. Energy and trainability are moderate (3/5), while grooming needs are also moderate (3/5) and shedding is high (4/5). The breed is generally suitable with children (4/5) but less compatible with other dogs (3/5) and not well-suited for apartment living (1/5). Adult weight is estimated between 40–57 kg, height 65–75 cm, and lifespan 12–14 years. Recognition status varies by registry.

The Karakachan is considered one of Europe's oldest breeds, with origins in Bulgaria. According to one source, it is descended from dogs of the Thracians and was developed and preserved by the Karakachans, nomadic shepherds of the Balkans, for livestock protection. The breed was reportedly nearly extinct but is being preserved through breeding programs. Its recognition status varies by registry, and the FCI has recognized it. The breed was historically used as a livestock guardian in mountainous terrain.